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Xunzi’s Profession and Compensation
——The main focus is on the examination of Teacher Mu, the chief of the teacher. Author: Lu Debin Yang Xiaowei (Shandong Academy of Social Sciences; Shandong Academy of Social Sciences)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” 2020 Issue 5
Content summary: Regarding Xunzi’s Profession, there are two difficult points: First, it is the “influence of power and publicity, Xunqing came to study at Qi at the age of fifty”; second, it is the “Xunqing was eighty-year-old as the Lanling Order”. Previous research shows that in addition to students such as Yumu, the master adopted two different attitudes and treatment methods for the two main tasks of this plan. For the former, because there are two situations in historical records, the master can treat it seriously and strive to give a plan of rational solution; for the latter, a nearly disagreement and indifference attitude is adopted. According to the book, Xunzi first came to study at the age of fifteen, but was the ruling of Lanling, not after King Xiang, but after King Xiang, but the departure of Xunzi was eighty-year-old, but before King Xiang and the last year of King Min. At that time, Xunzi was fifty-five and sixteen years old.
Keywords: Xunzi’s career / “Fifteenth year” and “Fifteenth year” / for Linglanling / Hu Yi / Mo Mu
There are many people who speak in Xunzi’s career since the Qing Dynasty, which makes the life and events that are not detailed and difficult to accurately consider become more confusing and have no choice. In recent years, Xunzi and Xun have become popular again. From the perspective of theory to the principle, they have changed from the perspective of the theory to the principle of justice. Whether it is theoretically or in reality, they all have a greater impact than the last (that is, Xunzi’s rejuvenation movement in the Qing Dynasty). But the conduct is unclear, everyone has different opinions, and if you keep it, you will feel uneasy. Therefore, I tried to sort it out from the head, explain and study it in order to seek good understanding.
Regarding Xunzi’s history and birth and death, endless historical materials are scattered in classics from the pre-Qin period and the two Han and three countries. Although there are many income and expenditure and perverse reasons for the record, the helpless thing is that the original members can only go through this, distinguish and seek.
The simplicity of reading the classics and the confusion of time and space is indeed a feeling of being overwhelmed. However, the rescue station is narrow and old, and the inside is deserted. It is not difficult to find out after a little review of the past disputes at the service station. In fact, the relevant historical materials are not completely unstable. There is a major point in the starting lineup that is basically recognized by the master, that is, the time when Xunzi lived in Lanling, which is what the “Shi Ji” calls “Chunshenjun passed away and Xunqing died”①. Chunshen Jun was assassinated and died. The incident occurred in the 25th year of the Kings of Chukao, that is, 238 BC. Although this year is not the year of Xunzi’s death, it must be the same as the year of death. Therefore, regardless of the differences between the scholars’ conclusions, the basic principle is to deduce and analyze and judge.
In addition, there are two other main topics, which have been debated since ancient times: one is the age when Xunzi travels; the other is the time when Xunzi travels. learnThe disagreements and differences presented by those who are outsiders and seniority are very largely due to the differences in examination and recognition of these two problems.
Xunzi is a irresistible fact. But in the age of Youqi, there are two stories in historical records. The existing Sima Zheng’s “Historical Records” and Liu Xiang’s “Sun Qing’s New Book Records” both say “Age 50″②, while Donghan Ying Shao’s “Popular Idioms” says “Age 15”. So, who is right and who is wrong, and what is wrong? Later scholars divided two schools: from “Shi Ji” who was “fifty years old”, Liu Xiang, including Yan Zhitui, Tang Zhongyou, Wang Zhong, Liu Shipei, Hu Ying, Qi Boyin, Xiong Gongzhe, Liang Qixiong, Luo Genze, Chen Dengyuan, Tao Zhicheng, Long Yuzhuo, Liao Mingchun, Liang Bi, and Lin Gui Zhen and others; and those who are the same as “Fifteenth” as “Five Years” as “Feng Yi”, include Chao Gongwu, Zhu Xi, Wang Yinglin, Wu Shidao, Lu Wenzhi, Gunqi, “Four Custody Essences”, Huang Shi San, Huang Yizhou, Hu Yuanjun, Liang Qichao, Xuan Mu, You Guoen, Liu Weihua, Guo Zhikun, etc. The two schools of thought were clear and each had its own opinions, and each was the reason. The most representative statement is that the former is being emotionallyHu Yang, while the latter is undoubtedly a money-making man.
In his “History of Chinese Philosophy”, Hu Ying first raised two questions about Liu Xiang’s records in “Records”: First, “Liu Xiang said that Xun Qing once negotiated with Sun Yat-sen. Sun Yat-sen defeated Wei in 341 BC. By the time Chunshenjun passed away, Xun Qing was at most 130 to 40 years old.” This was an inability to do so. Second, “Baohao.com reviewLiu Xiang and his friends said that Xun Qing was the most teacher when he was King Xiang. King Xiang ascended the throne in 283 BC, and it was still 45 years after Chunshenjun passed away. After Xun Qing passed away, he was almost 230 BC. Even if he lived to be 80 years old, he would not be as ‘most teacher’ as King Xiang.” In Hu Ying’s opinion, Liu Xiang’s mistake in “The Record” is too funny. So, how did this funny error form? Hu Xing believed that the origin was actually in “The Legend of the Condor Heroes” by Mencius and Xunqing. He said:
This passage has a copy: two places that are easy to mislead: (1) Xun Qing “come to study in Qi” and suddenly entered the three facts of the three people, namely, Lu Yan, Shi, and Chunyu and Kun, and even Liu Xiang misunderstood. He thought that Xun Qing was 50 years old, and was in his prime when his teacher and teacher in Jixia were in full swing. I don’t know that this irrelevant fact is the simplicity of the above discussion on “There are three zodiac signs”. This article is regarded as “the head of the sacred land,…” (2) The four words “Yi Xiang King” in this article are related to the above text and read “The heads of Tian Gui are all dead when King Qi Xiang King”. Those who are absurd are not worthy of the gift.To cultivate the grammar, connect these four characters to the following text and read them as “When King Qixiang, Xun Qing was the most teacher.” I don’t know that these four words are a “time reading” in grammar; reading at the time, from the current sentence, cannot be separated by the word “and”, and if you separate it, you will be desirable. The predecessors also knew that this paragraph was suspicious, so they changed the “fifty year” to “fifty year” to “fifty year”. …I don’t know what this article says, “I came to travel at the age of fifty.” The word “天” contains the meaning of “天”. If it is the fifteenth day of the year, you will not need to use the word “start”. ③
It is easy to see. Hu’s interpretation and recommendation are all based on the unincorrect conditions of the “Fifty Journeys” in “Historical Records”. Based on this explanation, Hu Yang’s conclusion is: Xunzi traveled with Qi Xiang for fifty years after King Qi Xiang, that is, during the founding period of King Qi Xiang, when “the lords and the lords of Tian Gu had all died of King Qi Xiang, and Xunqing was the most teacher.” Xun Qing died around 230 BC. Based on this calculation, Xun Zi should be 85 years old.
Braining feelings
In summary, in this school of scholars, Xunzi came to visit Qi later and was a sure thing, just as Wang Zhong said in “The General Commentary of Xun Qingzi”: “Chao Gongwu’s “June Yi” says that “The History Records” says that “the fifty year old” is the “fifteenth year old”, but the “Family Training·Mian” recommends “Family Training· “Xun Qing came to travel at the fiftyth anniversary” and it is recommended that the ancient version of “Historical Records” have been like this, and it cannot be regarded as a spell. Moreover, Zhang Xuan of Han and Cao Jian of Tang were all over a hundred years old, so why do you doubt it if you are alone? “In addition, just by talking about the text, it can be proved that Xunzi “was frustrated” not only has the word “star”, but the so-called “travel” and “scholars” can also make an explanation towards “fifty years old”. As Zi Bo thought, “The sentence ‘going to learn from Qi’ is Yan. … “History Records” did not say ‘going to learn from Juhou, so why did he differ from Xunzi?” ④ Liang Bin said: “The traveling mentioned by the predecessors often means similar to the academic communication ment
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